TUZHUANGFEISHUISHIZAIQICHE、ZIXINGCHE、GANGTIEPEIJIANDENGTUZHUANGSHENGCHANGUOCHENGZHONGPAIFANGDEFEISHUI，ZHUYAOLAIYUANYUSUANXI、TUOZHI、BIAODIAO、LINHUA、DIANYONG、PENTUDENGGONGXU。JUTONGJI，WOGUOMEINIANZIXINGCHEPENTUGONGYICHANSHENGDEFEISHUIDAYUEWEI35YI t，MEINIANQICHEPENTUGONGYICHANSHENGDEFEISHUIDAYUEWEI80YI t。TUZHUANGFEISHUISHUIZHIFUZA，QIESUANXINGQIANG(pH=1.5～3.0)，HANYOUDALIANGTIE、NIE、MENG、XIN、Cl−、SO42−DENGDUOZHONGWUJIWURANWU，RUXINLIZINONGDUWEI250～300 mg·L−1，WEILEMANZUHOUXUSHENGHUACHULIDUIJINSHUISHUIZHIDEXUQIUHERIYIYANGEDEPAIFANGBIAOZHUN，TUZHUANGFEISHUITONGCHANGCAIYONGZHONGHECHENDIANFAJINXINGCHULI。

　　ZAIZHONGHECHENDIANFACHULITUZHUANGFEISHUIDEYANJIUZHONG，SUOYONGGONGYIYAOJIZHUYAOYOUNaOH、Ca(OH)2HENa2CO3，ZHUYAOYUANLISHIGENJUBUTONGZHONGJINSHUWEIRONGHUAHEWUDERONGDUJI，TONGGUOpHDIAOJIE，SHITONG、LV、XINHETIECHANSHENGQINGYANGHUAWUCHENDIANQUCHUHUOHUISHOU。YANJIUBIAOMING，ZHONGHECHENDIANFADUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGJINSHULIZIDEQUCHUYUGONGYIYAOJIDEZHONGLEIMIQIEXIANGGUAN，RUGONGYIYAOJIWEINaOHSHI，QUCHU85%TIESHISUOXUpHWEI6.5，GONGYIYAOJIWEICa(OH)2HENa2CO3SHI，QUCHU85%TIESHISUOXUpHWEI7.5。TONGZHONGGONGYIYAOJIQUCHUBUTONGZHONGLEIJINSHULIZISUOXUDEpHYEBUTONG，GONGYIYAOJIWEINa2CO3SHI，LVZAIpHWEI6.0ZUOYOUQUCHULVDADAO90%;MENGZAIpHWEI9.0ZUOYOUQUCHULVDADAO90%。MUQIANZHONGHECHENDIANFACHULITUZHUANGFEISHUIYANJIUDUOCEZHONGYUHONGGUANSHUIZHIZHIBIAOFENXI，ZAIWEIGUANQUCHUJILIFANGMIANHAIYOUDAISHENRUYANJIU。ERWEIGUANQUCHUJILIFENXIKEYIJINYIBUJIASHENDUIGAIJISHUDELIJIE，JINERTUIDONGGAIJISHUDEJINBU。YINCI，ZAIZHONGHECHENDIANFACHULITUZHUANGFEISHUISHI，YANJIUpHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGWURANWUQUCHUXIAOGUODEYINGXIANGBINGJINXINGXIANGGUANJILIFENXIJUYOUZHONGYAOYIYI。

　　BENYANJIUJIEHETUZHUANGFEISHUISHUIZHITEDIAN[3](BAOKUOSUANXINGQIANG，ZHONGJINSHULIZIZHONGLEIDUO、HANLIANGGAO，BINGHANYOUSO42−、PO43−DENGYINLIZI)，XITONGYANJIULEpHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGYOUJIWUHEZHONGJINSHUDENGWURANWUQUCHUGUILV，TONGSHIJIEHEXUTILIDUFENBU、ZetaDIANWEI、XUTIXINGMAOHEXRDTUPUDENGBIAOZHENGFANGSHIDUIXIANGGUANWURANWUQUCHUJILIJINXINGJIEXI。

　　1 CAILIAOYUFANGFA

　　1.1 CAILIAO

　　1.1.1 pHDIAOJIEJIPEIZHI

　　pHDIAOJIEJIWEI50%(ZHILIANGFENSHU)DENaOHRONGYE，SUOYONGDENaOHSHIJIWEIFENXICHUN。

　　1.1.2 SHIYANFEISHUI

　　SHIYANFEISHUIQUZITIANJINSHIMOUCHEYEYOUXIANGONGSI，GAICHANGNIANCHAN 5WANTAODIANDONGZIXINGCHELINGPEIJIAN，MEITIANCHANSHENGFEISHUI50 m3ZUOYOU。SHIYANFEISHUIWEIZIXINGCHEMAOPIJIANDETUZHUANGGONGXU(SUANXI、LINHUAHEDIANYONG)CHANSHENGDETUZHUANGFEISHUI。FEISHUIYUANSHUISHUIZHIHESUOXUDADAODEPAIFANGBIAOZHUNRUBIAO1SUOSHI，PAIFANGBIAOZHUNZHIXING 《WUSHUIPAIRUCHENGZHENXIASHUIDAOSHUIZHIBIAOZHUN》 (GB/T 31962-2015 )BJIBIAOZHUN;FEISHUIYUANSHUIZHONGZHUYAODEYOUJIWUZHONGLEIRUTU1SUOSHI。

　　TU1 TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGYOUJIWUDEGC-MSFENXI

　　BIAO1 TUZHUANGFEISHUIDEYUANSHUISHUIZHIQINGKUANGJIPAIFANGBIAOZHUN

　　1.2 FANGFA

　　1.2.1 TUZHUANGFEISHUIDEpHDIAOJIE

　　ZAI5GE1 LSHAOBEIZHONGFENBIEFANGZHIBOLIZHUANZI，FANGZHIZAICILIJIAOBANQISHANGJINXINGJIAOBAN，JIAOBANDESULVWEI100 r·min−1。SHIYANSHIFENBIEXIANGSHAOBEINEIZHUJIANTOUJIApHDIAOJIEJI，BINGCEDINGpH，ZHIDAO5GESHAOBEIZHONGDEpHFENBIEWENDINGZAI4、6、8、10、12。JIANGDIAOJIEHAOpHDESHAOBEIJINGZHI2 hHOU，FENBIEQUQISHANGQINGYEHEDIBUCHENDIANWUFANGRUQUYANGPINGZHONG，DAIYONG。

　　1.2.2 TUZHUANGFEISHUIDEWURANWUZHIBIAOCEDING

　　QUYUANSHUIHEpHDENGYU4、6、8、10、12DETUZHUANGFEISHUISHANGQINGYECEDINGCOD、ZONGLIN、ZONGXIN、ZONGTIEDENGZHIBIAO。KAOLVDAOTUZHUANGZHONGXUANFUGUTIJIAOSHAO，RUOCAIYONGSSZUOWEIPINGJIAZHIBIAO，KENENGHUIDAOZHIJIAODASHIYANWUCHA。YINCIZAIBENYANJIUZHONGCAIYONGZHUODUZUOWEIPINGJIAZHIBIAOLAIBIAOSHIFEISHUIZHONGXUANFUGUTIDEHANLIANG。

　　LIANGQU50 mLSHANGQINGYEJINGLOUDOUJIARUDAO200 mLYUANDISHAOPINGZHONG，JIARUHESHIDECIZI，ZAIZHENGLIUSHAOPINGPINGKOUSAISHANGDAIYOUWENDUJIDESAIZI;KAIQILENGNINGSHUIHOU，MANMANSHENGWEN，SHIZHENGLIUSUDUYIMEIMIAOLIUXIA1～2DIYEDIWEIYI;DANGWENDUZAISHENGGAODAO150 ℃SHI，FANYINGPINGNEIWUZHIBIANWEIHEISE，BUZAIYOUYETIDIXIA;FENLIUCHUDEYETIJIARUWUSHUINa2SO4，FANGRUBINGXIANGJINGZHIGUOYE;JINGZHIHOUDEYETIFEN3CENG，SHANGCENGWEIYOUXIANG，ZHONGCENGWEIBINGJINGCENG，XIACENGNa2SO4KELI;50 ℃SHUIYUJIARE，BINGJINGCENGXIAOSHI，QU5 mLYOUCENGZAICIJIARUWUSHUINa2SO4;JINGZHIGUOYE，ZAIQUSHANGCENGYANGPINJINXINGGC-MSFENXI。

　　1.2.3 TUZHUANGFEISHUIDEXUTITEXINGCEDING

　　QUTUZHUANGFEISHUIJIAOBANWANCHENGHOU(RU1.2.1SUOSHU)DEHUNHEYECEDINGZetaDIANWEI、XUTILIDUFENBU。JIANGJIAOBANJIESHUHOU(RU1.2.1SUOSHU)DEXUTIQUCHU，DIYIDIDAOPINGZHENGDEZAIBOPIANSHANG，ZHIYUYANGPINJIASHANG，TONGGUODIAOJIEFENBIANLVDUIXUTIDEXINGMAOJINXINGQINGXIDIGUANCE。QUpHDENGYU4、6、8、10、12DETUZHUANGFEISHUIHEDIBUCHENDIANCHANWUFANGRULIXINGUANZHONG，LIXIN10 min，DAODIAOSHANGQINGYE，QUCHUDIBUDECHENDIANCHANWUJINXINGLENGDONGGANZAO，ZHIDAOWANQUANGANZAOWEIZHI，YANMOZHIQILIDU<0. 3 mm，YONGYUX-SHEXIANYANSHEFENXI。

　　1.3 FENXICESHIFANGFA

　　COD、ZONGLIN、ANDAN、YAXIAOTAIDAN、XIAOTAIDANHEZONGXINDENGJUNCAIYONGGUOJIABIAOZHUNFANGFA[7]CEDING。QIZHONGCODCAIYONGZHONGGESUANJIAFACEDING;ZONGLINCAIYONGGUOLIUSUANJIAXIAOJIEFACEDING;ANDANCAIYONGNASHISHIJIFENGUANGGUANGDUFACEDING，YAXIAOTAIDANCAIYONGN-(1-NAIJI)-YIERANGUANGDUFACEDING，XIAOTAIDANCAIYONGZIWAIFENGUANGGUANGDUFA(TU-1901;PERSEE，ZHONGGUO)CEDING;LVHUAWU、LIUSUANYANCAIYONGLIZISEPUFA(ICS1100;DAIAN，MEIGUO)CEDING;ZONGGE、ZONGMENG、ZONGNIE、ZONGTONG、ZONGGE、ZONGQIANCAIYONGDIANGANOUHEDENGLIZITIZHIPUFA(iCAP RQ;Thermo Fisher，DEGUO)CEDING;ZONGTIECAIYONGLINFEILUOLINFENGUANGGUANGDUFACEDING;ZONGGAI、ZONGMEI、ZONGXINCAIYONGHUOYANYUANZIXISHOUFA(SensAA;GBC，AODALIYA)CEDING。pHCAIYONGSHUZIHUASHOUCHIBIANXIEFENXIYI(ODEON;PONSEL，FAGUO)CEDING，ZHUODUCAIYONGSHUZIHUASHOUCHIBIANXIEZHUODUYI(2100Q;HACH，MEIGUO)CEDING。YOUJIWUZHONGLEICAIYONGQIXIANGSEPU-ZHIPULIANYONGYI(ExactiveTM GC OrbitrapTM GC-;Thermo Fisher，DEGUO)CEDING。ZetaDIANWEICAIYONGZetaDIANWEIFENXIYI(nano zs;MAERWEN，YINGGUO)CEDING，XUTILIDUFENBUCAIYONGJIGUANGLIDUJISHUYI(Versacount;IBR，MEIGUO)CEDING，XUTIDEXINGMAOCAIYONGXIANWEISHUMASHEXIANG(IX71;Olympus，RIBEN)CEDING，X-SHEXIANYANSHECAIYONGMiniFlex600(RIBENRigaku)CEDING。CESHICANSHU：BOZHANG0.154 mm (Cu/K-alpha1)，GUANYA40 kV，GUANLIU200 mA，2θSAOMIAOFANWEIZAI10°～80°ZHIJIAN，SAOMIAOSUDUWEI4(°) · min−1。

　　2 JIEGUOYUTAOLUN

　　2.1 BUTONGpHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGZONGLINNONGDU、COD、ZHUODU、ANDANDEYINGXIANGJIJILIFENXI

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGLINNONGDU、CODSUIpHDEBIANHUAQINGKUANGRUTU2SUOSHI。DANGpHCONG2.18ZENGDADAO8SHI，SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGLINNONGDUXUNSUXIAJIANG，ZAIpHWEI8SHIZONGLINDEQUCHULVDADAOZUIGAOZHI98.89%，DANGpHJIXUSHENGGAOSHI，ZONGLINNONGDUBUJIANGFANSHENG，DANGpHWEI10HE12SHI，ZONGLINQUCHULVFENBIEJIANGDIDAO67.27%HE20.49%。

　　TU2 ZONGLINNONGDU、CODZHISUIpHDEBIANHUA

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGZONGLINDEQUCHUZHUYAOYILAIYUJINSHULIZIHEPO43−、HPO42−ZHIJIANDEQINHELI。ZAIpHCONG2.18ZENGJIADAO8SHI，SUIZHEpHDEZENGDA，PO43−、HPO42−ZAIRONGJIEXINGWUJILINZHONGZHANDEBIZHONGZENGDA，PO43−、HPO42−HEGAI、TIE、MEI、XINJIEHEXINGCHENGDECHENDIANZENGDUO，GULINDEQUCHULVZENGGAO;DANGpHCONG8ZENGJIADAO12SHI，FEISHUIZHONGDEJINSHULIZIHEHPO42−、PO43−JIOH−FASHENGFANYING，XINGCHENGCHENDIAN，DANGpHZENGGAO，OH−NONGDUZENGDA，JINSHULIZIYUOH−DEJIEHELVZENGGAO，DAOZHIHPO42−、PO43−YUJINSHULIZIJIEHEJIHUIJIANXIAO，GUDANGpHWEI10～12SHI，LINDEQUCHULVJIANGDI。

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGCODZHISUIpHDEBIANHUAQUSHIHEZONGLINNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUAQUSHIXIANGTONG。ZAIpH=8SHI，CODDEQUCHULVDADAOZUIGAO，WEI30.05%，DANGpHWEI10HE12SHI，CODQUCHULVFENBIEJIANGDIDAO17.31%HE16.15%。

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGCODDEQUCHUSHIJIZHONGJIZHI(RUXINGCHENGBURONGXINGJINSHULUOHEWU，QINGYANGHUAWUXUTIDEXIFUZUOYONG，DIANXINGZHONGHEHEJUANSAOWANGBU)GONGTONGZUOYONGDEJIEGUO，BUTONGpHTIAOJIANXIABUTONGJIZHIZUOYONGCHENGDUBUTONG。ZAIpHDIYU8SHI，YOUJIWUDEQUCHUZHUYAOSHIYOUYUTUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEHANANJIHESUOJIYOUJIFENZI(RU5-ANJIJIECAOSUAN、ERLVYISUANDENG)YUJINSHUYANGLIZI(RUGELIZI、QIANLIZI、XINLIZIDENG)XIANGHUZUOYONGXINGCHENGBURONGXINGJINSHULUOHEWU[，ANJIHESUOJIYUJINSHULIZIDEZUOYONGJILIRUTU3SUOSHI。

　　TU3 ANJIHESUOJIYUZHONGJINSHULIZIZUOYONGJILISHIYITU

　　ZAIpHGAOYU8SHI，YOUJIWUDEQUCHUZHUYAOSHIQINGYANGHUAWUXUTIDUIYOUJIWUDEXIFUZUOYONG、DIANXINGZHONGHEZUOYONGHEJUANSAOWANGBUZUOYONGGONGTONGYINGXIANGDEJIEGUO。BUTONGDEpHXIA，Fe3+YUOH−JIEHEKEYIXINGCHENGFe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)3，SHANGSHU3ZHONGWUZHIKEYITONGGUODIANXINGZHONGHEHEJUANSAOWANGBUZUOYONGQUCHUFEISHUIZHONGDEYOUJIWU，JUTIDEZUOYONGGUOCHENGRUTU4SUOSHI。ZAIpH=8SHI，CODDEQUCHULVZUIGAO，ZHEIKENENGSHIYOUYUZHEIJIZHONGJIZHIGONGTONGZUOYONG，XIAOGUODADAOZUIJIA。DUIYUFe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)3DENGDEDIANXINGZHONGHEHEJUANSAOWANGBUZUOYONG，SHENDENGDUIBUTONGTIAOJIANXIAFe(III)ZHONGFe3+、Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)3SUOZHANDEBILIJINXINGYANJIU，JIEGUOBIAOMING，pHWEI2.18SHI，FEISHUIZHONGFe3+HEFe(OH)2+SHIFe(III)DEZHUYAOCHENGFEN，pHWEI4SHI，FEISHUIZHONGFe(OH)2+HEFe(OH)2+SHIFe(III)DEZHUYAOCHENGFEN，pHWEI6～8SHI，FEISHUIZHONGFe(OH)2+HEFe(OH)3SHIFe(III)DEZHUYAOCHENGFEN，pHZAI10～12SHI，FEISHUIZHONGFe(OH)3SHIFe(III)DEZHUYAOCHENGFEN。DANGTUZHUANGFEISHUIpHZAI2.18～8SHI，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGFe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+HEFe(OH)3KEYITONGGUODIANXINGZHONGHEHEJUANSAOWANGBUZUOYONGQUCHUFEISHUIZHONGDEYOUJIWU，SHAOBUFENYOUJIWUYEKEYIXIFUZAIYIJINGXINGCHENGDEJINSHUQINGYANGHUAWUBIAOMIAN，DAOZHIDUICODDEQUCHUXIAOGUOZENGQIANG，pHCONG10DAO12，FEISHUIZHONGFe(OH)2+、Fe(OH)2+HANLIANGJIANSHAO，DIANXINGZHONGHEZUOYONGJIANRUO，JIpHZAI2.18～8SHI，CODDEQUCHULVZENGDA，pHZAI8～12SHI，CODDEQUCHULVJIANGDI。

　　TU4 TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGYOUJIWUQUCHUZUOYONGJILISHIYITU

　　TU5 ZHUODUSUIpHDEBIANHUA

　　ZHUODUDEQUCHUZHUYAOSHIYOUYUXIFUDIANZHONGHE、XIFUJIAQIAOYIJICHENDIANWUWANGBUDENG，pHDIAOJIESHIXIANGTUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGJIARUNaOHSHIJIHUIPOHUAITIXIDEWENDINGXING，XUANFUWUZHIJIANDEPAICHILIXIAO，YIXINGCHENGXUTIDEDAOQUCHU。pHGUOGAOSHIXUANFUWUBIAOMIANDAILEDALIANGDEFUDIANHE，XUANFUWUZHIJIANCHILIZENGDA。DANGpH=8～12SHI，DIANZHONGHEZUOYONGJIANRUO;DANpH=8～12SHI，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGCHENDIANWUZHONGLEIZENGDUO，CHENDIANWUXUTIKEYIXIFU、BAOGUO、JUJIXIXIAODEKELI，JUANSAOWANGBUZUOYONGZENGQIANG。ZHUODUZAIpH=10SHIQUCHULVZUIGAO，ZHEISHIYOUYUJIZHONGJILIZAICISHIGONGTONGZUOYONG，XIAOGUODADAOZUIJIA。JUTILIANXIHUOCANJIANGENGDUOXIANGGUANJISHUWENDANG。

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEANDANNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUAQINGKUANGRUTU6SUOSHI。DANGpHCONG2.18ZENGDADAO12SHI，SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEANDANNONGDUBUDUANXIAJIANG，ZAIpH=12SHI，ANDANQUCHULVDADAOZUIGAOZHI90.42%。DIANZHONGHE、CHENDIANWUXIFUYIJIMgNH4PO4CHENDIANXINGCHENGDENGSHIANDANQUCHUDEZHUYAOYUANYIN。

　　TU6 ANDANNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUA

　2.2 BUTONGpHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGZONGGAI、ZONGMEI、ZONGTIEDEYINGXIANGJIJILIFENXI

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGGAI、ZONGMEI、ZONGTIENONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUAQINGKUANGRUTU7SUOSHI。SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGGAI、ZONGMEI、ZONGTIENONGDUBUDUANXIAJIANG，QIEpHCONG2.18ZENGDADAO8SHI，ZONGGAI、ZONGTIEQUCHUXIAOGUOXIANZHU，ZAIpH=12SHI，ZONGGAI、ZONGMEI、ZONGTIEQUCHULVJUNDADAOZUIGAOZHI，FENBIEWEI98.07%、95.03%、99.93%。

　　TU7 ZONGGAI、ZONGMEI、ZONGTIEDENONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUA

　　TONGGUOXIANGTUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGTOUJIAJIANXINGZHONGHEJI，KESHIJINSHULIZIYUQIANGJIFANYING，SHENGCHENGNANRONGDEJINSHUQINGYANGHUAWUCHENDIAN(RUSHI(1)SUOSHI)。YIJULINHUAXUELILUN，LINSUANYANZAISHUIZHONGDECUNZAIZHUANGTAIYOU H3PO4、H2PO4−、HPO42−、PO43−，BUTONGpHXIA，FEISHUIZHONGDELINHUIHEGAI、MEI、TIEDENGJINSHULIZIFANYINGSHENGCHENGRONGJIEDUDIDELINSUANYANCHENDIAN(SHI(2)HESHI(3))，RANHOUXUNINGCHENGJIAODAKELI，ZAIJIANXINGRONGYEZHONG，TIEYANNENGSHENGCHENGXIFULIHENQIANGDEJIAOTUAN，TANENGXIFUHEBUJIFEISHUIZHONGDEJINSHULIZI，CONGERSHIDEFEISHUIZHONGDEGAI、MEIHETIENONGDUSUIpHDESHENGGAOERXIAJIANG。

　　2.3 BUTONGpHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGZHONGJINSHULIZINONGDUDEYINGXIANGJIJILIFENXI

　　BENBUFENYANJIULEBUTONGpHXIAZONGXIN、ZONGMENG、ZONGGE、ZONGNIE、ZONGQIANDENONGDUSUIpHBIANHUADEBIANHUAQUSHI，BINGDUIQIJINXINGJILIFENXI。

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGXIN、ZONGMENGNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUAQINGKUANGRUTU8SUOSHI。DANGpHCONG2.18ZENGJIADAO10SHI，SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGXINNONGDUXUNSUXIAJIANG，ZAIpHWEI10SHIDADAOZUIDIZHI，DANGpHJIXUSHENGGAOSHI，ZONGXINNONGDUBUJIANGFANSHENG。ZAIpH=10SHI，ZONGXINDEQUCHULVDADAOZUIGAOZHI，WEI99.95%。

　　TU8 ZONGXINNONGDU、ZONGMENGNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUA

　　YOUYUXINSHILIANGXINGWUZHI，pHDEFANWEIWEI1～7SHI，RONGYEZHONGXINDEXINGTAIZHUYAOSHIYIZn2+DEXINGSHICUNZAI，SUIZHEpHDEZENGDA，RONGJIETAIDEZn2+ZHUJIANJIANSHAO，ZHUYAOSHENGCHENGZn(OH)2CHENDIAN，LIZIXINGTAIJIANRUO，ZONGXINNONGDUJIANGDI。ZAIpH>10SHI，Zn(OH)2CHENDIANKAISHIZHUANHUAWEIFUJIADEZn(OH)3−HEZn(OH)42−(SHI(4)~SHI(7))。Zn(OH)2CHENDIANDEZUIJIApHZAI9～10ZHIJIAN， pHJIXUSHENGGAO，Zn(OH)2HUIFASHENGSHUIJIEFANYING，SHENGCHENGFUJIALIZIXINGTAIDEFUHEWUZn(OH)3−HEZn(OH)42−，ZONGXINNONGDUSHENGGAO。

　　SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGMENGNONGDUBUDUANXIAJIANG，ZAIpH=12SHI，ZONGMENGNONGDUWEI0.08 mg·L−1，QUCHULVWEI99.61%。

　　TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGGE、ZONGNIE、ZONGQIANNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUAQINGKUANGRUTU9SUOSHI。ZHONGHECHENDIANFADUIZHONGJINSHULIZIDEQUCHUZHUYAOSHIJIZHONGJIZHIGONGTONGZUOYONGDEJIEGUO。YIFANGMIANSUIZHEpHDEZENGJIA，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGOH−NONGDUZENGDA，DANGpHZENGDADAOYIDINGCHENGDUSHI，ZHONGJINSHULIZIHUISHENGCHENGXIANGYINGQINGYANGHUAWUCHENDIANERDEDAOQUCHU;LINGYIFANGMIANTUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGQINGYANGHUATIECHENDIANBIBIAOMIANJIDA，JUYOULIANGHAODEXIFUHEXUNINGZUOYONG，ZHONGJINSHULIZIXIFUZAIQINGYANGHUATIEBIAOMIANERDEDAOQUCHU。

　　TU9 ZONGGE、ZONGNIE、ZONGQIANNONGDUSUIpHDEBIANHUA

　　YOUTU9(a)KEJIAN，SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGGENONGDU、ZONGNIENONGDUBUDUANXIAJIANG，ZAIpH=12SHI，ZONGGE、ZONGNIENONGDUFENBIEWEI0.33 mg·L−1HE0.08 mg·L−1，ZONGGE、ZONGNIEQUCHULVDADAOZUIGAO，FENBIEWEI96.40%HE97.52%。

　　YOUTU9(b)KEJIAN， DANGpHCONG2.18ZENGDADAO10SHI，SUIZHEpHDESHENGGAO，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEZONGQIANNONGDUXIAJIANG，ZAIpHWEI10SHIDADAOZUIDIZHI，XIANGYINGZUIGAOQUCHULVFENBIEWEI89.81%。DANGpHJIXUSHENGGAOSHI，ZONGQIANNONGDUBUJIANGFANSHENG。DANGpHGUOGAOSHI，Pb(OH)2HUIRONGJIE，SHENGCHENGPb(OH)3−FUHEWU(SHI(8)~SHI(11))[23-24]，DAOZHIpHWEI10～12SHI，ZONGQIANQUCHULVJIANGDI。

　　2.4 BUTONGpHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGXUTITEXINGDEYINGXIANG

　　WEILEJINYIBUKAOCHABUTONGpHXIATUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGWURANWUDEQUCHUJILI(BAOKUOJUANSAOWANGBU、DIANXINGZHONGHE、CHENDIANWUXINGCHENGDENG)，KECEDINGXUTITEXING(RUXUTILIDUFENBU、ZetaDIANWEIHEXUTIXINGMAO)HEXRDTUPU，FENBIERUTU10HETU11SUOSHI。

　　TU10 XUTITEXINGSUIpHDEBIANHUA

　　YOUTU10KEYIDECHU，SUIZHEpHZENGDA，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGWURANWUDEQUCHUJILIZHUYAOSHIJUANSAOWANGBU、DIANXINGZHONGHEGONGTONGZUOYONG，BUTONGpHXIAGEZHONGJILIZUOYONGXIAOGUOYOUSUOBUTONG。TU10(a)BIAOSHIBUTONGpHXIATUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGXUTIDELIDUFENBUQINGKUANG，D(0.1)、D(0.5)HED(0.9)SHIZHITIJIFENSHUJIFENDADAO10%、50%HE90%SUOHUODEDEKELIZHIJING，QIZHONGD(0.5)YEKERENWEISHITIJIPINGJUNLIJING[25]。pH=4、6、8、10HE12SHI，TUZHUANGFEISHUIDED(0.5)FENBIEWEI31.07、64.21、90.75、55.70HE14.90 μm，XUTILIJINGJINGLILEXIANZENGJIAHOUJIANGDIDEGUOCHENG。

　　YOUTU10(b)KEYIDECHU，ZAIpHCONG4ZENGDADAO12DEGUOCHENGZHONG，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGZetaDIANWEIBUDUANXIAJIANG，DANGpH=8SHI，Zeta DIANWEIZUIJIEJINLINGDIANSHI。YOUSHUIZHONGXUANFUKELIDEWENDINGXINGNENGYU Zeta DIANWEIGUANXIKEZHI，CISHIKELIJUJIDUGAO，CHENJIANGXINGNENGHAO。

　　YOUTU10(c)KEYIDECHU，pHCONG4ZENGDADAO8DEGUOCHENGZHONG，XUTICHICUNZENGDA，TUANJUGENGJIAJINMI，pHCONG8ZENGDADAO12DEGUOCHENGZHONG，XUTIZHUJIANBIANSONGSAN，XUTICHICUNZHUJIANBIANXIAO。

　　TU11 BUTONGpHSHICHENDIANCHANWUXRDTUPU

　　YOUTU11KEYIDECHU，CHENDIANWUSHENGCHENGYESHITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGWURANWUQUCHUDEZHONGYAOYINSU。SUIZHEpHZENGDA，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGJINSHULIZIHEHPO42−、PO43−、OH−SHENGCHENGCHENDIANWU，SHIDEJINSHULIZI、ZONGLINDENGWUJIWURANWUNONGDUJIANGDI。ZAIpH=2.18～8SHI，ZHUYAOSHENGCHENGLINSUANYANCHENDIAN，pH=10～12SHI，XINGCHENGDEQINGYANGHUAWUCHENDIANZHONGLEIZENGDUO，ZHEIYESHIpH=10～12SHIZONGLINNONGDUSHENGGAODEYUANYIN。

　　YOUTU10HETU11KEZHI，DANGpH=8SHI，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGD(0.5)ZUIDA、Zeta DIANWEIZUIJIEJINLINGDIANSHI，XUTITUANJUXINGNENGHAO，JINYIBUSHUOMINGCISHIXINGCHENGLEGENGDAXUTIKELICONGERJUANSAO、WANGBUGENGDUODEWURANWU，YOUZHUYUWURANWUDEQUCHU，DIANXINGZHONGHEYEFAHUILEZUOYONG。DANGpH=12SHI，TUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGXINGCHENGDECHENDIANWUZHONGLEIZUIDUO，ZHEIDUIWUJIWURANWUDEQUCHUYOUZHONGYAOZUOYONG。

　　3 JIELUN

　　1)pHDUITUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEBUTONGZHONGWURANWUCHULIXIAOGUOCUNZAIJIAODAYINGXIANG。DANGYICOD、ZONGLINWEIZHUYAOQUCHUMUBIAOSHI，ZUIJIApHWEI8;DANGYIZONGXINHEZONGQIANWEIZHUYAOQUCHUMUBIAOSHI，ZUIJIApHWEI10;DANGYIQITAJINSHULIZIHEANDANWEIZHUYAOQUCHUMUBIAOSHI，ZUIJIApHWEI12。

　　2)ZONGLINDEQUCHUZHUYAOYILAIYUJINSHULIZIHEPO43−、HPO42−ZHIJIANDEQINHELI，ZAIpH=2.18～10SHI，ZHUYAOSHENGCHENGLINSUANYANCHENDIAN，pH=10～12SHI，XINGCHENGDEQINGYANGHUAWUCHENDIANZHONGLEIZENGDUO，ZHEIYESHIpH=10～12SHIZONGLINNONGDUSHENGGAODEYUANYIN;CODDEQUCHUJIZHISUIZHEpHDEBIANHUAERYOUSUOCHAYI，ZAIpH =2.18～8SHI，CODDEQUCHUZHUYAOYOUYUBURONGXINGJINSHULUOHEWUDEXINGCHENG、DIANXINGZHONGHEHEJUANSAOWANGBU，ZAIpH =10～12SHI，ZHUYAODEZUOYONGJIZHIWEIQINGYANGHUAWUXUTIDEXIFUZUOYONGHEJUANSAOWANGBU;DIANZHONGHE、CHENDIANWUXIFUYIJIMgNH4PO4CHENDIANXINGCHENGDENGSHIANDANQUCHUDEZHUYAOYUANYIN;JINSHULIZIDEQUCHUJIZHIZHUYAOYOULINSUANYANCHENDIANDEXINGCHENG、QINGYANGHUAWUCHENDIANDEXINGCHENG、QINGYANGHUATIECHENDIANDEXIFUXUNINGZUOYONG，TONGSHIXIN、QIANDENGJINSHULIZIWEILIANGXINGWUZHI，GUOGAOpHBULIYUQIQUCHU。

　　3)ZAIKAOLVHOUXUSHENGHUACHULISHI，DEDAOZHONGHECHENDIANFACHULITUZHUANGFEISHUIDESHIYIpH(pH=8)，CHULIHOUTUZHUANGFEISHUIZHONGDEQUANBUZHONGJINSHULIZINONGDUHEZONGLINNONGDUJUNDADAO《WUSHUIPAIRUCHENGZHENXIASHUIDAOSHUIZHIBIAOZHUN》 (GB/T 31962-2015 )BJIBIAOZHUN。(LAIYUAN：HUANJINGGONGCHENGXUEBAO ZUOZHE：FUHAIJUAN)

pH对中和沉淀法处理涂装废水效果影响及作用机理